Volume 58 No.4 - 2012-12-31

Trends of Higher Education Governance Reforms in Germany

德國高等教育治理之改革動向

Author：
Yuan-Chuan Chang / 張源泉
Keyword：
German universities, educational reform, governance / 德國大學、教育改革、治理
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  • Chinese Summary
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  • Scholarly references
Higher education in Germany today is in a stage of great transformation. Due to the educational crisis, new reform policies are constantly emerging to replace former ones. This study began with a clarification of the significance and mechanisms of governance, and then presented a deeper analysis of the background of the crisis, reform measures, and concludes with a concluding discussion. The reform measures of university governance in Germany included: 1) Deregulation of state control, particularly in terms of budgeting and stipulation of university regulations; 2) Enhancing the authority of external stakeholders through the higher education advisory committee and negotiations regarding university objectives; 3) Bolstering competitive advantages, including performance-based resource allocation, excellence initiatives, and faculty salaries; 4) Enhancing independent regulation of administrative affairs and decreasing the authority accorded to academic self-governance. Although funds for higher education remain insufficient and relevant performance indicators are overly abstract, there has already been a marked increase in competition.
當代德國高等教育正處於劇變轉型過程，改革政策不斷地湧現，此來自其陷入危機，因而冀由改革方案汰舊換新。本研究先釐清治理的意涵與機制，再進一步探析其陷入危機之背景、改革內容，並於最後提出評析。本研究從治理角度探究此議題，係著眼於「治理」涵蓋多元之調控機制，較能對改革動向有一整全觀照。德國大學治理改革內容包含：一、國家管制鬆綁，尤其是預算編列方式與大學法律地位之變革；二、透過目標協議與高等學校校務諮詢委員會，強化外部利害關係人之調控；三、增強競爭態勢，此包含績效導向之資源分配、卓越計畫，以及教授薪資制度；四、強化行政上自主調控，並縮減學術自治之相關權限。惟高等教育經費依然拮据，且相關績效指標過於抽象。但競爭態勢則已明顯提升。

APA 格式
張源泉(Yuan-Chuan Chang)（2012年12月31日），〈德國高等教育治理之改革動向〉。《教育研究集刊》，2014年01月26日取自：http://bulletin-en.ed.ntnu.edu.tw/bookindex/?mode=detail&id=1285

 

MLA 格式
張源泉(Yuan-Chuan Chang)，〈德國高等教育治理之改革動向〉。《教育研究集刊》第 58 期（2012），取自：http://bulletin-en.ed.ntnu.edu.tw/bookindex/?mode=detail&id=1285


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